The company director, Mick McMackem, would like you to investigate the possibility of moving the organisation's Microsoft Windows systems over to a Linux based environment.

Mr. McMackem would like you to investigate many of the alternative features that are available in Linux via the creation of a virtual machine. He would also like you to use the VMware software application to showcase and demonstrate your final system to him.

Task A – Customise your Virtual Machine

A1.

Once you have successfully logged in to the system, create your own 'administrator' user account.

You MUST perform the rest of the requirements for this assignment using your new account.

User: *******

Password: ********

Codes:

Add user: sudo /usr/sbin/useradd –d /home/******** –m *******

Set password: passwd *********

Add user to admin group: sudo adduser ******* admin

Add user to sudo group: sudo adduser ******* sudo

A2.

Create a new alias command called 'cet103demo' which displays the contents of the bash 'history list' one page at a time. Make sure your new alias is automatically loaded when your lubuntu virtual machine starts up.

Codes:

Create alias: alias cet103demo='history | less'

For automatically loading we need add this command to .bashrc file: gedit ~/.bashrc

A3.

Customise the terminal environment by changing the default colours of the terminal prompt and any text you type after the prompt.

Codes:

Prompt to green colour: export PS1="\e[0;32m[\u@\h \W]\$ \e[m "

On lubuntu we can edit the text colours with LXTerminal Edit/Prefrences function.

A4.

Use the vi text editor to create a new BASH script called 'vi_demo.sh'. This new file must be saved to your desktop and should contain the following message:

“The vi text editor is very user friendly!”

On the day of your system demonstration, you will be expected to successfully run this script.

vi editor basic commands

[esc] enter to command mode

:q quit

:i insert before cursor

I insert text to cursor position

:w save

R keep replacing character until [esc]

To use vi: vi filename

Codes:

#!/bin/bash

# vi_demo.sh

echo " The vi text editor is very user friendly!"

Once your script has run, the assessor will then ask you to use the vi editor to modify your original code in some way. You will then need to prove that the new modifications have worked by running your script again.

Setting this file attribute: chmod 755 vi_demo.sh

Run this script: ./vi_demo.sh

Task B – Write a Text Based Menu Driven BASH Script

Call your bash script TaskB.sh and save it to the desktop of your virtual machine.

Ensure your TaskB.sh Menu provides the following functionality:

*you can find the whole code in the appendix!

Option 1:

Create a new file called Option1.txt on your desktop. This file should contain the contents of your 'home' directory. Make sure that your output is:

* Sorted alphabetically by entry extension.

* Includes any hidden files and folders.

* Shows all of the file sizes in human readable format.

Codes:

#function for first option

function CreateOption1 {

clear

ls -Xahog /home/bg47bp > /home/bg47bp/Desktop/Option1.txt

echo "The Option1.txt file saved to your desktop"

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

menudisplay

}

Option 2:

Calculate and display the number of lines and words that are contained in the TaskB.sh file, then output the actual contents of TaskB.sh in the terminal.

Codes:

#function for second option

function CalculateLinesWords {

clear

echo "Lines number: "

wc -l TaskB.sh

echo

echo "Words number: "

wc -w TaskB.sh

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to show TaskB.sh file contetnts"

clear

more TaskB.sh

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

menudisplay

}

Option 3:

Display the top ten lines of the .profile file then output the file type of the .xscreensaver file. Both of these files can be found in your home directory.

Codes:

#function for third option

function DisplayTop10 {

clear

echo "The top ten lines of the .profile file"

echo

head /home/bg47bp/.profile

echo

echo "The .xscreensaver file type is:"

file /home/bg47bp/.xscreensaver

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

menudisplay

}

Option 4:

Perform a case-insensitive search on the /etc/apt/sources.list file by retrieving and displaying those lines which contain the word 'not'.

Codes:

#function for fourth option

function SearchNotWord {

clear

echo "Case-insensitive search 'not' word in /etc/apt/sources.list file"

echo

grep -iw --colour=always "not" /etc/apt/sources.list

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

menudisplay

}

Option 5:

Ask the user if they want to exit from your menu, if they select ‘y’ then the application must close, if they select ‘n’ they must be returned to the original menu. This option MUST also inform the user about any incorrect values they enter.

Codes:

#exit from bash with validitation

function exitfrombash {

echo

echo "EXIT"

echo "---------------------------"

echo "Do you want to EXIT? $(tput setaf 1)(y/n)$(tput sgr 0) "

echo

read E

if [ "$E" == n ] || [ "$E" == y ]; then

case $E in

y)ExitYes;;

n)ExitNo;;

esac

else

clear

echo "Invalid value. Please try again"

echo

exitfrombash

}

function ExitYes {

clear

exit

}

function ExitNo {

clear

menudisplay

}

Extra 'Advanced' Features:

Create your own 'advanced' system administration options and incorporate the appropriate BASH code in your menu.

· Using Steghide (steghide)

· Show the type of kernel (uname)

· Using Tar to create and access to archive file (tar)

*The whole Advanced Menu code in the appendix!

Task C – Produce a Screencast of your BASH Terminal

* You MUST use the ‘shelr’ screen recording software to produce your screencast.

* Your screencast MUST last no longer than 3 minutes and also demonstrate the following functionality:

*I created a menu to TaskC as well. You can find the whole code in the appendix!

Shelr basic command

Record: shelr record

Replay: shelr play last or shelr play [id]

List: shelr list

Exit: exit or Ctrl+d

Home directory: cd ~/.local/share/shelr

Delete: rm –r [id] (we need use –r ( recursive mode) because the id is a folder)

C1.

Send a list of all the ‘currently running processes’ to a file called allprocesses.txt. Save this file to the desktop then display its contents in the terminal window. Make sure that each line of your output is numbered and ends with a dollar sign.

Codes:

Send a list of all Currently Running Processes to a file called allprocesses.txt and save to desktop. All line ends got a dollar sign.

ps -eo "%c$" > /home/bg47bp/Desktop/allprocesses.txt

Display this file contents with numbered lines.

less -N allprocesses.txt

C2.

Display a message containing your name, your course of study and the current year. Ensure that each part of the message is displayed on a separate line.

Codes:

echo -e "Istvan Franko\nComputing\n2014"

C3.

Use the secure-delete package to erase the allprocesses.txt file that you created during part C1.

Make sure that your code uses the following settings:

* Lessen the security

* Enable 'recursive' mode

* Enable 'verbose' mode

Codes:

srm -rlv allprocesses.txt

C4.

Include any 'advanced' BASH scripting commands that you think a system administrator may use.

*Please Note: all commands used for this task MUST be different to those used during Task A and Task B.

· List Block Devices (lsblk)

· Get the current directory structure in tree like format (tree)

· Display the file system disk space usage (df)

*The whole Advanced Menu code in the appendix!

References

Blum R. and Bresnahan C. (2011) Linux Command Line and Shell Scripting Bible -Second Edition. Indianapolis: Wiley Publishing Inc.

Nemeth E. , Snyder G. , R.Hein R. , Whaley B. (2011) Unix and Linux System Administration Handbook -Fourth Edition. Michigan US: Pearson Education Inc.

OsborneMcGraw-Hill. (1996) Linux. (“Könnyen is lehet” series) Budapest: Panem KFT.

Appendix

Whole TaskB code

#!/bin/bash

# TaskB.sh menu

#Main Menu function

function menudisplay {

echo "My TaskB Menu"

echo "-------------"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)1$(tput sgr 0), Create Option1.txt which contain the contents of 'home' directory"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)2$(tput sgr 0), Display the number of lines and words in TaskB.sh file and show the contents"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)3$(tput sgr 0), Display top 10 lines of the .profile file and the file type of the .xscreensaver file"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)4$(tput sgr 0), Case-insensitive search the word 'not' in sources.list file"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)5$(tput sgr 0), Extra Advanced Features menu"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)6$(tput sgr 0), Exit"

echo

echo "Please enter a number $(tput setaf 1)1-6$(tput sgr 0)"

#read user input

read OPTION

#statement for input validitation

if [ "$OPTION" == 1 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 2 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 3 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 4 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 5 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 6 ]; then

case $OPTION in #statement for user options

1)CreateOption1;;

2)CalculateLinesWords;;

3)DisplayTop10;;

4)SearchNotWord;;

5)AdvancedMenu;;

6)exitfrombash;;

esac

else #error message

clear

echo "Invalid option. Please try again"

echo

menudisplay

}

#function for first option

function CreateOption1 {

clear

ls -Xahog /home/bg47bp > /home/bg47bp/Desktop/Option1.txt

echo "The Option1.txt file saved to your desktop"

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

menudisplay

}

#function for second option

function CalculateLinesWords {

clear

echo "Lines number: "

wc -l TaskB.sh

echo

echo "Words number: "

wc -w TaskB.sh

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to show TaskB.sh file contetnts"

clear

more TaskB.sh

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

menudisplay

}

#function for third option

function DisplayTop10 {

clear

echo "The top ten lines of the .profile file"

echo

head /home/bg47bp/.profile

echo

echo "The .xscreensaver file type is:"

file /home/bg47bp/.xscreensaver

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

menudisplay

}

#function for fourth option

function SearchNotWord {

clear

echo "Case-insensitive search 'not' word in /etc/apt/sources.list file"

echo

grep -iw --colour=always "not" /etc/apt/sources.list

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

menudisplay

}

#advanced menu

function AdvancedMenu {

clear

echo "My Advanced Menu"

echo "------------------"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)1$(tput sgr 0), Using Steghide "

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)2$(tput sgr 0), Show the type of kernel"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)3$(tput sgr 0), Using Tar to create and access to archive file "

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)4$(tput sgr 0), Back to Main Menu"

echo

echo "Please enter a number $(tput setaf 1)1-4$(tput sgr 0)"

#read input to a variable (Option)

read OPTION

#id statement to input validation

if [ "$OPTION" == 1 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 2 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 3 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 4 ]; then

#case statement for functions

case $OPTION in

1)A1;;

2)A2;;

3)A3;;

4)A4;;

esac

else #error message

clear

echo "Invalid option. Please try again"

echo

AdvancedMenu

}

#function to first option

function A1 {

clear

echo "Steghide"

echo

echo " Insert a message to a picture"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)steghide embed -cf i_franko.jpg -ef hiddenmessage.txt$(tput sgr 0)"

steghide embed -cf i_franko.jpg -ef hiddenmessage.txt

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go next function"

echo

echo "Check the message file indeed hidden"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)steghide info i_franko.jpg$(tput sgr 0)"

steghide info i_franko.jpg

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go next function"

echo

echo "Delete original message file"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)rm hiddenmessage.txt$(tput sgr 0)"

rm hiddenmessage.txt

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go next function"

echo

echo "Extract message file from picture"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)steghide extract -sf i_franko.jpg$(tput sgr 0)"

steghide extract -sf i_franko.jpg

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

AdvancedMenu

}

#function to second option

function A2 {

clear

echo "Show the type of kernel"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)uname -a$(tput sgr 0)"

echo

uname -a

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

AdvancedMenu

}

#function to third option

function A3 {

clear

echo "Tar acrhives"

echo

echo " Acrhive files"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)tar -cf archive.tar i_franko.jpg hiddenmessage.txt$(tput sgr 0)"

tar -cf archive.tar i_franko.jpg hiddenmessage.txt

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go next function"

echo

echo "Extract an archive file"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)tar -xf archive.tar$(tput sgr 0)"

tar -xf archive.tar

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go next function"

echo

echo "Delete acrhive file"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)rm archive.tar$(tput sgr 0)"

rm archive.tar

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

AdvancedMenu

}

#function to fourth option

function A4 {

clear

menudisplay

}

#exit from bash with validitation

function exitfrombash {

echo

echo "EXIT"

echo "---------------------------"

echo "Do you want to EXIT? $(tput setaf 1)(y/n)$(tput sgr 0) "

echo

read E

if [ "$E" == n ] || [ "$E" == y ]; then

case $E in

y)ExitYes;;

n)ExitNo;;

esac

else

clear

echo "Invalid value. Please try again"

echo

exitfrombash

}

function ExitYes {

clear

exit

}

function ExitNo {

clear

menudisplay

}

#display Main Menu on first time

clear

menudisplay

Whole TaskC code

#!/bin/bash

# TaskC.sh menu

#Main Menu function

function menudisplay {

echo "My TaskC Menu"

echo "-------------"

echo

echo "1, C1 Currently Running Processes"

echo

echo "2, C2 Display messages on separate lines"

echo

echo "3, C3 The \"allprocesses.txt \" file secure-delete "

echo

echo "4, C4 Advenced BASH scripting command Menu"

echo

echo "5, Exit"

echo

echo "Please enter a number 1-5"

#read input to a variable (Option)

read OPTION

#id statement to input validation

if [ "$OPTION" == 1 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 2 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 3 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 4 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 5 ]; then

#case statement for functions

case $OPTION in

1)C1;;

2)C2;;

3)C3;;

4)C4;;

5)exitfrombash;;

esac

else #error message

clear

echo "Invalid option. Please try again"

echo

menudisplay

}

#function to first option

function C1 {

clear

echo "Send a list of all Currently Running Processes to a file called allprocesses.txt and save to desktop."

echo "All line ends got a dollar sign"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)ps -eo \"%c$\" > /home/bg47bp/Desktop/allprocesses.txt$(tput sgr 0)"

ps -eo "%c$" > /home/bg47bp/Desktop/allprocesses.txt

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go next function"

echo

echo "Display this file contents with numbered lines."

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)less -N allprocesses.txt$(tput sgr 0)"

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go next function"

less -N allprocesses.txt

clear

menudisplay

}

#function to second option

function C2 {

clear

echo "Display my name, course of study and current year on separate lines "

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)echo -e \"Istvan Franko\nComputing\n2014\"$(tput sgr 0)"

echo

echo -e "Istvan Franko\nComputing\n2014"

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

menudisplay

}

#function to third option

function C3 {

clear

echo "The \"allprocesses.txt \" file secure-delete with"

echo -e "\t*Lessen the security"

echo -e "\t*Enable recursive mode"

echo -e "\t*Enable verbose mode"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)srm -rlv allprocesses.txt$(tput sgr 0)"

echo

srm -rlv allprocesses.txt

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

menudisplay

}

#function to advanced menu option

function C4 {

clear

AdvancedMenu

}

#advanced menu

function AdvancedMenu {

echo "My Advanced Menu"

echo "------------------"

echo

echo "1, List Block Devices"

echo

echo "2, Get the current directory structure in tree like format"

echo

echo "3, Display the file system disk space usage "

echo

echo "4, Back to Main Menu"

echo

echo "Please enter a number 1-4"

#read input to a variable (Option)

read OPTION

#id statement to input validation

if [ "$OPTION" == 1 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 2 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 3 ] || [ "$OPTION" == 4 ]; then

#case statement for functions

case $OPTION in

1)A1;;

2)A2;;

3)A3;;

4)A4;;

esac

else #error message

clear

echo "Invalid option. Please try again"

echo

AdvancedMenu

}

#function to first option

function A1 {

clear

echo "List Block Devices"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)lsblk$(tput sgr 0)"

echo

lsblk

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

AdvancedMenu

}

#function to second option

function A2 {

clear

echo "Get the current directory structure in tree like format"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)tree$(tput sgr 0)"

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to run this command"

tree

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

AdvancedMenu

}

#function to third option

function A3 {

clear

echo "Display the file system disk space usage"

echo

echo "$(tput setaf 1)df$(tput sgr 0)"

echo

read -t 20 -p "Hit ENTER or wait twenty seconds to go back the menu"

clear

AdvancedMenu

}

#function to fourth option

function A4 {

clear

menudisplay

}

#exit function

function exitfrombash {

echo

echo "EXIT"

echo "---------------------------"

echo "Do you want to EXIT? (y/n) "

echo

#read input to variable

read E

#validation

if [ "$E" == n ] || [ "$E" == y ]; then

case $E in

y)ExitYes;;

n)ExitNo;;

esac

else #error message

clear

echo "Invalid value. Please try again"

echo

exitfrombash

}

function ExitYes {

clear

exit

}

function ExitNo {

clear

menudisplay

}

#display main menu first time

clear

menudisplay

Nav view search

Navigation

Search

System Administration Assignment

Istvan Franko

Level 1 BSc

Lecturer:

Michael Lawrence

Extra 'Advanced' Features:

C4.

References